The purpose of this paper is to clarifying the tuition in middle schools at the prewar Tokyo prefecture. The tuition differed between the public schools and the private schools. In the 1890s, most expenses required for management of middle schools was provided with tuition in both private amd public schools. At this time, the tuition of public schools was higher than the private schools. After 1900 tuition of public schools became cheaper than private schools. As expenses of public schools, it was begun to allot many prefectural citizen taxes in 1900 and afterwards. Although public schools tuition also went up, the rise of private schools tuition was more rapid than that. Both tuition was reversed. The number of private schools increased rapidly at the time when tuition of private schools is cheaper than tuiton of public schools. It is considered to be a reason which caused private schools rapid increase that tuition was cheap.