The aim of this paper was to investigate how “integration of teaching and evaluation”, an important concept in educational evaluation theory, has been traditionally understood in Japanese language education, to clarify the issues in practice, and to propose a practical approach to evaluation. First of all, the historical changes in educational evaluation were traced, and the background and specific methods of the concept of “integration of teaching and evaluation” were clarified. The concept of “integration of teaching and evaluation” is based on the concept of achievement evaluation, which has emerged as a criticism of relative evaluation. In particular, this paper emphasizes the formative evaluation, which is one of the functions of achievement evaluation, and encourages feedback to both learners and instructors in the process of instruction. Next, we surveyed national journals on Japanese language arts education to explore the position of “integration of teaching and evaluation” in Japanese language arts education and how it is adopted. We found three things: First, the integration of teaching and assessment has been emerging in place of “formative assessment”; second, although the concept of achievement assessment behind “formative assessment” was accurately captured in the beginning, it has become less visible in the 2000s. Third, there is a concern about the use of “formative assessment” for higher-level skills in literature education, which has not yet been resolved. Based on the above, we conclude that it is necessary to appropriate to use “integration of teaching and evaluation” in Japanese language education based on the premise of achievement assessment. And whether or not it is appropriate to use “integration of teaching and evaluation” according to the ability of the target of assessment.