The 2017 edition of Japan’s curriculum guidelines stipulates that education for sustainable development (ESD) should be integrated into all educational activities. To run a social studies lesson from a perspective of ESD, it must be centered on the following three areas: environment, economy, and society. It is also important that“ critical thinking,” “ systems thinking,” “anticipatory skills,” and “participatory/collaborative decision making” are defined within these areas. Moreover, A social studies lesson should essentially lead students to develop such knowledge into normative knowledge by determining values and making decisions through thinking activities in which students apply their views and approaches in considering how to achieve the above process. Further, the lesson should provide students with opportunities to participate in such a process and build concepts to propose future outlooks.