The Japanese government curriculum guidelines announced in 2017 proposed the development and nurturing of qualities and abilities that enable children to extensively engage with sounds and music in life and society by adopting “musical perspectives and ways of thinking.” This proposal aims to ensure that children’s learnings in the music class continues and stays effective in their later lives. According to the author, it is essential to ensure that children appropriately understand the concept of elements constituting music and learn to understand music through their sensibilities for developing and nurturing musical perspectives and ways of thinking. Through the analysis of the contents of the music textbook used in Italian elementary schools, the author found the following: First, inducing children to consider elements constituting music from different aspects is essential to ensure that they appropriately understand the concept. Second, they must not only be taught where the value of the beauty of music lies from the historical perspective but also be allowed to perform activities, such as evaluating things with their sensibilities, view of life, and values or expressing their feelings, to ensure that they learn to understand music using their sensibilities. To develop and nurture musical perspectives and ways of thinking, ensuring that children’s learning in the music class is not limited to it is pertinent. The author believes that it is important to make children aware of the fact that music in itself constitutes our lives and everyday experiences, thereby ensuring that what they learn in the music class continues to stay effective in their later lives. Music is artificial yet natural and one of the things that occur in our lives. Such a development and nurturing of musical perspectives and ways of thinking will lead to the formation of 21stcentury abilities.