As society underwent rapid changes in response to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic in April and May 2020, education was especially impacted. School closures brought homeschooling to prominence, with parents largely in charge of their children’s learning. This analysis investigates the impact of parental engagement in homeschooling during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The International COVID-19 Impact on Parental Engagement Study 2020 was conducted online in 23 countries from May to June 2020. More than 4,600 parents and caregivers participated. We compare Japan’s results with those of the other participating countries, noting the following differences: (1) the number of electronic devices per child at home was not as high in Japan as in the other participating countries; (2) the number of computers per child was also lower than in the other participating countries; (3) the percentage of Japanese families that received learning plans or activities from school was relatively high, but the frequency of receiving such materials was comparatively low; (4) the percentage of parents in Japan who actively engaged in teaching their children at home was the lowest among the participating countries, and the average time spent teaching per week was also the lowest; and (5) parental confidence in the use of technology was higher in Japan than in the other participating countries. These results contribute to the ongoing international discussion of childrenʼs homeschooling.