In this paper, the profiles of Japanese child development, Japanese family education, and preschool education system were discussed. Approximately, 93 percent of the children attend at least 2 years of pre-elementary education (2001). At the foundation of Japanese children's selfdiscipline there are several practices : (a) Children help shape classroom rules and norms, (b) build their identification with authority, (c) reflect on their behavior, (d) such reflection may build an enduring habit of self-evaluation.