The purpose of this study is to describe and consider some psychosocial problems associated with amazing advances in medical technology. About 30 clinical psychological studies on HIV/AIDS counseling, genetic counseling, neonatal care, counseling for infertile couples, counseling for cancer patients, and mental care for donors and recipients in organ plantation in Japan were reviewed and examined in detail. Among these 6 fields, some common psychosocial problems (e.g., the roller coaster syndrome between expectance and despair, difficulties in decision-making before testing and beginning therapies, and repeated experiences of loss and grief) were observed. Although the significance of psychological support and care were recognized, clinical psychologists participating in these fields were very few, and their practical activities were not sufficient to satisfy patients' needs toward them. In order to develop their professional networks, nationalwide researches into activities of clinical psychologists in these fields were suggested to be required.