The purpose of this paper is to analyze history lesson of social studies in the Korean elementary school using alternative framework, teacher's conceptions and structural of knowledge. Through this analysis, I could to draw out the following structure and features history class in the Korean elementary school. Firstly, I found that there is a new history lesson trying to improve historical knowledge by using pictorial materials. Secondly, I found that the teacher does not narrate historical knowledge, but instead, students create the historical knowledge through activities such as giving viewpoints, comparisons, and logical thinking based on pictorial materials.