In recent years, Nakajima Atsushi has been regarded very highly for his works about the South Sea Islands in World War II and he has been looked frequently as a resistant, yet some signs in those works suggest that his way of thinking changed as time passed. The aim of this essay is to describe how his thoughts changed and to find out his thinking on the then international situation, especially his ideas about what Japan should be. These issues will be argued by focusing on his thoughts of anti-Modern.