上海市における幼児園教員の確保と配置に関する硏究 : 外来常住者の子どもの幼児教育保障に注目して

This study examines the educational opportunities for the children of non-local permanent residents in Shanghai, focusing on policies related to the construction of kindergarten teaching staff . The objective of this study is to propose policy recommendations that contribute to improving the quality and accessibility of early childhood education in Shanghai. The rapid urbanization in China has led to an influx of non-local workers into cities, many of whom bring their children. These children, referred to as "children of non-local permanent residents," often face significant challenges in accessing early childhood education. Reports indicate that the enrollment rate for preschool-aged non-local children is notably lower compared to other educational stages. Ensuring the right of their children to receive preschool education has become a significant issue. Shanghai, a major destination for non-local populations, has seen a significant increase in the number of non-local children in recent years. The government supports public kindergartens and provides assistance to inclusive private kindergartens to ensure they meet the required staffing standards. This research compares the staffing situations in public and private kindergartens in Shanghai, highlighting the status and challenges. Furthermore, based on data on the qualification rates, educational backgrounds, and job positions of kindergarten teachers, the study analyzes and elucidates the differences among kindergartens within and across districts. Some districts are actively working to support early childhood education opportunities for the children of migrant residents. However, these efforts vary depending on individual kindergarten policies, regardless of the proportion of migrant residents or the type of kindergarten and are often dependent on the initiatives of each kindergarten rather than district-wide or city-wide efforts.