An experimental study was carried out to investigate how Chinese students learning Japanese process two languages (native and second language), using intra- and inter-lingual Stroop tasks. The participants were fifteen Chinese-speaking college students learning Japanese as a second language in Japan. They were in the beginning class of Japanese and were preparing for the fourth level of The Japanese-Language Proficiency Test. On intra- and inter-lingual Stroop tasks, the participants were required to name the colors of the words while ignoring the words. On intra-lingual Stroop task, the language of the words was the same as that of the response; on inter-lingual Stroop task, the language of the words was the different from that of the response. The patterns of intraand inter-lingual Stroop interference suggested that students of the beginning class of Japanese have the concept-mediated pathway by processing two languages. These results were also discussed from the viewpoint of where the interference may occur.