The purpose of this study is to examine children’s metacognition in primary school mathematics lessons. We developed a "model sheet" of children’s metacognition in each topic of mathematics lessons for designing a lesson and analyzing children’s metacognition in the lesson. As a result of examining mathematics lessons, it was found that there were four main situations in which children tried to develop their metacognition, and that there were five opportunities such as "peer reactions" and "choice of expression method". In addition, the method for designing mathematics lessons which makes use of social interaction was considered may lead to the development of children’s metacognition in mathematics lessons.