This paper analyses aspects of the educational system of Burkina Faso in an attempt to envisage how it will be like at horizon 2025. The authors take a retrospective look at the achievements, the opportunities, and also the constraints and risks characterizing education in the country. Key aspects are examined, among which the organization and administration of the system, the curriculum, the infrastructures and human resources, attitudes towards learning and the relationships between the various stakeholders. This review served as a basis for sketching a mildly optimistic scenario, in line with the findings of a more general national prospective study.