子どもの道徳的価値判断における対人関係認識の発達的変容 : 道徳授業におけるワークシートの分析を通して

The aim of this paper is to make clear the developmental alteration of human relations awareness in children's moral judgments. We created scenarios which included a dilemma about personal relations and social relations. Using these scenarios we conducted morality lessons at three levels: 7-8 years old (first level), 9-10 years old (second level) and 11-12 years old (third level). We then compared the differences in the rationales which the children used to solve the dilemma. The results were as follows. 1) Awareness of human relations broadened from self-centered to others and social relations (responsibility) in step with the development of social awareness from the first level to the third level. 2) Children in the first and second levels decided their solutions according to broader viewpoints, whereas children in the third level decided their solutions according to narrow and intimate personal relations. 3) The reason why this reversal arose was that children in the third level thought it was better to value narrow and intimate personal relations than social and not so intimate relations. This suggests that Japanese people's moral judgments depend on personal and intimate relations.