The purposes of the present studies were to reconsider the concepts of ""readiness for parenthood"" and to investigate the related factors for its development in adolescence. For development of readiness for parenthood, it was important to present a good model of parents to children. And those parents'roles must be covered all of the following roles: nursing of children, making up family-tie, house keeping, and taking care of old parents. In Study I, the questionnaire consisted of 60 items was made out for measuring the readiness for parenthood covered these four parents' roles above. In Study Ⅱ, the questionnaire was destributed to 271 undergraduate and graduate students aged 18- 26. The main results showed that the positive images of mother and father, experiences of helping house keeping, and coming in contact with children and aged persons had positive effect for development of readiness for parenthood.