小学校教科書における生物種の多様性 <学習指導法・教材およびカリキュラム開発>

The class of the school is one of the most important chances for schoolchildren who learn the name of living things. Indeed, various living things appear on textbooks. In the present study, 36 textbooks of 7 subjects for all grades at one elementary school in Hiroshima Pref. were examined. Names of living things described on them were picked out and classified. As the results, the names picked out were total of 583 kinds (animal: 312, plants: 263 and others: 8), and 349 kinds could be classified to the species level. “Cats” appeared on most textbooks. 13 kinds that include “dogs”, “mosses” and “cherry” appeared on a textbook in at least one subject of every grade. The most 323 kinds appeared on the textbook of Japanese. The 58.5 kinds that appeared on textbooks of science were the greatest by the mean value of kinds per one textbook. The chances, which schoolchildren learn about living things, are not only in science classes. Therefore, it was suggested that by cooperation between subjects based on the names of living things, schoolchildren deepen their knowledge about living things, and also it leads deeper understanding of the contents of other various subjects.