The aim of this paper is to analyze the reform of the elementary social studies school-based curriculum which is developed by the primary school attached to Northeast Normal University in modern China. The result of this paper is the following three. 1) The primary school attached to Northeast Normal University was approached to solve the problems of the Chinese social study education, by developing the “school-based social study textbook”. The curriculum aims to develop the citizenship of the children through the social recognition. It is different to the national curriculum of China which teaches the moral value. 2) The curriculum is organized by the theme which is shows the advance of the modern China. 3) The lesson is organized by the problem solving method for solving the social problems resulting social rapid change.