The present study was designed to investigate the parental feelings of growth and development by child-rearing and the family-factors which supported and facilitated these feelings. Data were obtained on the basis of questionnaire distributed to 182 married couples (91 fathers and 91 mothers) who had children of 3-5 years old. The main results were summarized as follows: 1. Mothers had stronger feelings of growth and development by child-rearing than fathers. The results supported the former studies. 2. The meanings of having a job or not having a job were important factors for parental development. That is, mothers who had positive and active meanings for their jobs experienced higher level of parental development than other mothers. Fathers whose wives had positive and active meanings for their jobs also experienced higher level of parental development than other fathers. 3. The family-factors which supported parental feelings of growth and development were different between house-wife-mothers and working mothers. Especially it was suggested that the accordance of husband and wife was important for the parental development in working mothers' families.