この文献の参照には次のURLをご利用ください : https://doi.org/10.15027/54150
広島大学附属三原学校園研究紀要 5 巻
2015-03-26 発行
3歳児の人とかかわる力を育てるための援助のあり方
How to Give Assistance to Three-Year-Old Children in Order to Cultivate Their Abilities to Communicate with Others.
Abstract
本研究は，幼稚園の3歳児が入園を通して教師や同年齢・異年齢の友だちと出会い，様々な感情を経験する中で「人とかかわる力」が育まれていく過程に着目する。その上で，3歳児の「人とかかわる力」を育てるための教師の援助を明らかにすることを研究の目的とする。3歳児が教師や同年齢・異年齢の友だちとかかわる様子の実践事例を用いて保育カンファレンスを行い，よりよい教師の援助を検討した。その結果，3歳児の「人とかかわる力」の育ちには，「出会い」「安心安定」「共感」「葛藤」の4つの過程があることが明らかになった。また，教師の援助としては，安心してかかわって遊べる空間や時間の保障，子どもが葛藤を乗り越えられるように支える援助，異年齢とのかかわり合いが自然に起こるような環境構成の工夫，保護者と教師の連携を密にしたよりよい関係づくりの必要性が示された。
Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal how teachers can assist three years-old children in cultivating their abilities to communicate with others. This study focuses on the process of how the ability to communicate with others is cultivated when three years-old children enter kindergarten, meet teachers and friends at the same or different year of age, and experiences various feelings. This study conducted a childcare conference utilizing a case example of an actual practice on how three years old children engage with teachers and friends at the same or different age. As a result, four steps are demonstrated in the development of three-year-old-children's ability to communicate with others: meeting with new people/ peace of mind and mental balance, empathy, and conflict. In addition, this study reveals that teachers need to ensure the sufficient time and space for children so that they can engage with others and play without any apprehensions, assist children in overcoming their conflicts, organize the environment where children an naturally communicate with people of other age, and establish better relationships between parents and a teacher with closer cooperation.
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