This study reviews the Argumentative Writing Project (AWP) at Ohio State University and dialogic literary argumentation (DLA), which is embedded in the AWP to reveal the relationship between argumentation and literary education in the US. The AWP underscores three argumentative epistemologies (structural, ideational, and social processes), and three kinds of instructional chains (integrated, episodic, and collection). According to DLA, the teacher’s epistemology moves the structural epistemology to the social process, and instruction is put together via the integrated instructional chain. In addition, the foundational principles of DLA state that students should acquire argumentation skills and embrace conflict between themselves and their peers, who may have differences of opinion or different reasoning, by exploring personhood in DLA. This overview suggests that the AWP/DLA helps to build literary argumentation, with an awareness of the diverse skills that have been highlighted in recent years in Japan.