The purpose of this study is to decipher the characteristics of Japanese Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) from the viewpoint of Reggio Emilia in terms of young children’s subjectivity and teachers’ involvement. Specifically, I will discuss the characteristics of Japanese ECEC and the Reggio Emilia Approach relative to the children’s subjectivity and teachers’ involvement and examine their similarities. In doing this, I aim to decipher the characteristics of Japanese ECEC from the viewpoint of the Reggio Emilia Approach. As the results of this study made clear, the Reggio Emilia Approach and Japanese ECEC have similarities, in terms of how the curricula support children’s subjectivity and the suppression of teachers’ interventions. In addition, it was clear that Japanese ECEC emphasizes not only positive emotional experiences but also the negative emotional experiences of children.