Factors Related to the Outcome of M-VAC in 101 Patients with Advanced Urothelial Cancer

The objective of this study is to identify factors related to the results of intravenous methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (M-VAC) for 101 patients with advanced urothelial cancer. The effects of various factors on response and survival were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The factors included in the analyses were sex, age, performance status (PS), primary site, histological type, grade, T category, N category, M category, prior chemotherapy, prior radiotherapy, and dose of chemotherapeutic drugs. Univariate analysis revealed that M category and prior chemotherapy had a significant correlation with the response, and that factors significantly related to survival were PS, primary site, N category, M category, prior chemotherapy and prior radiotherapy. A multiple logistic regression model showed that N category, M category and prior chemotherapy were related to response. The response rates of patients with N1-4 or M1 or prior chemotherapy were lower than those with N0 or M0 or without prior chemotherapy. A Cox regression model demonstrated that PS and M category independently contributed to survival. Patients with high grade PS or distant metastases showed a lower survival rate than those with low grade PS or localized diseases. M category was the most important factor related to response and survival. These results seem to indicate the low effectiveness of M-VAC for distant metastases, and the inability of this regimen to improve the outcome of patients with advanced urothelial cancer.