The Roles of Metabolic Syndrome and Several Biomarkers in Incidence and Severity of Non- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Backgrounds: The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing in the world. The mechanism of pathogenesis and severity has not been clearly understood. Metabolic syndrome and some biomarkers though to play a role in incidence and severity of NAFLD. Objective: To clarify the role of the metabolic syndrome and biomarkers: insulin resistance, adiponectin, plasma levels of TNF-α in the incidence and severity of NAFLD. We calculate diagnostic value of the metabolic syndrome with biomarkers and liver function test as non-invasive method of diagnosis severity of NAFLD. Methods: Conducted a case control study for risk factors of NAFLD and cross-sectional study for the diagnostic test severity of NAFLD. Cases were NAFLD patients and healthy subjects as controls. NAFLD diagnosis and severity classification based on liver biopsy with NAFLD activity score (NAS). Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance evaluated based on IDF classification and HOMA IR index. Levels of insulin, adiponectine, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Results: Eighty cases and 75 healthy controls were included in the study. The independent risk factors for NAFLD significantly were hypo-adiponectinemia, metabolic syndrome, of insulin resistance and high plasma levels of TNF-α consecutively. Hypo-adiponectinemia was proven as independent risk factor and might be potential as diagnostic test severity of NAFLD while the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, high plasma levels TNF-α, were not proven as risk factors severity of NAFLD Conclusions: The presence of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, hypo-adiponectinemia high levels of plasma TNF-α was risk factors of NAFLD, while hypoadiponectinemia was proven to be risk factor and might be as diagnostic test severity of NAFLD.