教員養成課程における箏のオンデマンド授業 : 唱歌の学習効果に着目して

During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the university-level practical music courses were changed from in-person to on-demand classes. Subsequently, there is a need to determine the following: whether these on-demand classes achieve the course goal; how students adapted to these classes; and, whether there was any positive impact of this changed mode of instruction. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the positive impact of the on-demand Koto course on music teacher training; as part of this course, students watched a set of lecture videos that instructed how to mimic instrumental music via singing (shôga) and learned Koto without playing the instrument. The questionnaire completed by students after the completion of the on-demand course in 2020 was analyzed, and compared with the description of the experience of the in-person course in 2019 by another group of students; the data of the 2019 course were obtained by conducting another questionnaire survey. The results showed that the level of achievement was higher in the on-demand course than that in the in-person course for acquiring knowledge of basic Koto technique, grasping the musical structure, acquiring realizations about musical expression and advanced Koto technique used, and grasping how to interpret the music. The findings show a positive impact of singing mimicry of instrumental music on learning Koto: (a) students could focus on the music by avoiding the difficulty of instrument operation; (b) students could have an overview of musical structure; (c) students could understand tone pitch, musical phrase, techniques, and musical structure simultaneously, which cannot be acquired by singing Do-Re-Mi or La-La-La. Additionally, in the on-demand model, students watching lecture videos repeatedly as needed advanced the abovementioned positive impact of singing mimicry of instrumental music.