広島平和科学 Volume 43
published_at 2022-03

ソ連における初期ウラン資源開発

The Uranium Resource Development in the Soviet Union in Its Early Days
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Abstract
With the initiation of the first Soviet atomic bomb developing project, the Soviet political authority began to make every effort to develop and secure uranium resources sufficient for their project by conducting the overall investigation for uranium deposits throughout their vast territory. In addition to those domestic measures, the Soviet Union demanded the newly established pro-Soviet governments in the Eastern Europe for their “cooperation” in securing the uranium resources for the Soviet nuclear projects. This review tries to trace the Soviets’ efforts for the uranium resources from the start of their atomic project to the mid-1960s when they could secure the abundant quantity of uranium. Thanks to the large-scale field investigations, the wide application of high-performance gamma-radiometers which enabled the search for the radioactive minerals from the trains, airplanes or helicopters in 1950s and other improvements of mining method, the exploration for the uranium ore and the uranium mining became so efficient. Such a rapid growth of uranium mining, however, brought about the unbearable radiation exposition to the mine workers.
Descriptions
本稿は、令和 3 ~ 6 年度日本学術振興会科学研究費補助金・基盤研究(B)「“越境するソヴィエト科学”-旧ソ連由来の科学知の国際的影響-」〔研究代表者-金山浩司:21H00504〕による研究成果の一部である。
Rights
Copyright (c) 2021 広島大学平和センター