小中学校における資質・能力質問紙の開発と評価 <研究論文>

本研究では，次期学習指導要領改訂の重要な観点である，主体性・多様性・協働性・学びに向かう力等の「育成すべき資質・能力」に着目して，小中学校の児童生徒を対象とした質問紙を開発し，教育現場での有効性を検討することを目的とした。質問紙開発に当たっては小学校校長や教諭等と協議を重ね，先行研究などから収集した項目を精選した。そして，資質・能力を多角的に見取るために，「社会性と情動」アンケート（田中・真井・津田・田中，2011）と共に，児童生徒約1600名に質問紙開発のための調査を実施した。その結果，育成すべき資質・能力に関して，「主体性・積極性」，「自尊心」，「協働する力」などの因子が得られた。続いて，各学校のニーズに応じて，児童一人一人の多様性の把握，学校全体，中学校区での分析を行ったところ，児童生徒の的確な見取りや，各校での取組の成果や課題の明確化につながった。以上の結果より，本資質・能力質問紙の有用性が示唆された。

The present study aimed to develop a questionnaire concerning the "qualities and abilities that should be promoted," in terms of subjectivity, diversity, cooperation of labor, willingness to learn, and human nature, which will be important aspects of the next revision of the course of study; to conduct the questionnaire among children in elementary and junior high schools; and to examine its utility at these schools. When the questionnaire was developed, the author conferred repeatedly with the principal of the elementary school and with teachers, and the question items collected from previous works, etc., were selected. To identify the "qualities and abilities" multilaterally, the questionnaire was conducted with approximately 1600 children alongside a "sociality and affect" questionnaire (Tanaka, Sanai, Tsuda, and Tanaka, 2011 ). As a result, factors such as "subjectivity and activeness," "pride," and "cooperation of labor" could be related to "qualities and abilities that should be promoted." An analysis of findings in terms of the diversity of the children, the school as a whole, and the junior high school district was conducted by using the results in relation to the demands of each school, leading to an appropriate understanding of the children, clarification of the results of the teachers' approach, and the problems in each school. These findings suggest that this "qualities and abilities" questionnaire is useful.