広島大学附属三原学校園研究紀要 Volume 6
published_at 2016-03-28

基本的生活習慣の確立に向けた指導方法の検討 : うがい指導の実践を通して

A Study of Investigation of Methods of Teaching Gargling for Establishing Basic Habits
Sahara Miho
fulltext
1.41 MB
MiharaEIKenkyukiyo_6_57.pdf
Abstract
本研究は,子どもの日頃の様子や担任等からの情報収集をもとに,基本的生活習慣の中の“うがい”に着目をし,基本的生活習慣の確立に向けた指導方法を検討することを目的とした。指導前に行動観察を行い,子どもたちにとって難しいと思われた視点に焦点をあてて研究をすすめた。研究をする上で、子どもたちが“自発的に”そして“適切な方法”でうがいができるようになるために視覚的教材や掲示物を活用しながら指導を行い,指導後の観察から変容を見取った。その結果,行動観察の中で子どもたちにとって難しいと思われた視点を教材等で工夫したことで指導後には行動を変えようとする姿がみられた。また,行動を観察し,記録として残しておくことで,変容した具体的な姿で認める言葉かけをすることができた。基本的生活習慣を確立するためには,今後も継続した指導や援助をしていくことが大切である。
Abstract
This study focused on "gargling", one of the basic habits, based on children's daily circumstances and a database from their homeroom teachers and aimed to investigate methods of teaching in order to establish their basic habits. On conducting this research, the author had observed children's behaviors before teaching and focused on perspectives which seemed to be difficult. She taught how to gargle "spontaneously" and" in appropriate ways" making use of visual aids and notices. Then she recorded how the children changed their way of gargling from observation after teaching. As a result, it seemed that the children tried to change their behaviors after teaching thanks to teachers' plans of points which seemed to be difficult for children using teaching materials. They also succeeded in speaking to the children with words which praised more concretely based on how they have changed by observing and keeping records of them. In order to establish children's basic habits, it is important for teachers to teach and assist continuously.