幼児期の対人葛藤場面における加害行為の意図性が介入・謝罪に及ぼす影響

To examine the influence of intention in conflict on the interventions and apologies of children in virtual conflict situations, we conducted experiments with 3- and 5-year-old girls and boys. Our findings suggest that the conflict's intention reflected the interventions, apologies and reasons. An age difference was observed. Five-year-old children gave more effective answers to resolve conflict situations, using both interventions and apologies more than the 3 year-old children. When asked about such interventions and apologies, many 5-year-old children suggested reasons that were focused on the victim's feelings and accepted responsibility for the conflict or expressed a sense of guilt. In contrast, many 3-year-olds decided their behaviors based on roles or evaluations of others. Furthermore, gender differences were observed Most of the girls selected an impartial intervention between victim and attacker; in contrast, many of the boys selected an intervention that supported only the victim. As an attacker, most girls answered apologetically. When questioned about such interventions and apologies, many girls made judgements of right and wrong themselves and accepted responsibility for the conflict or expressed a sense of guilt. In contrast, many of the boys decided their behaviors from the evaluations of others.