産後1か月における出産に伴う母親の心的外傷後ストレスの出現 : NICU入院児の母親と健常新生児の母親の比較

出産に伴う心的外傷後ストレスの出現状況を明らかにするために,ハイリスク新生児の母親189名と健常新生児の母親274名を対象に,改訂版出来事インパクト尺度(IES-R)を用い,出産後1か月に質問紙調査を実施した.その結果,次のことが明らかになった. 1.母親のIES-Rの平均得点はNICU入院児の母親12.04(SD=10.06),健常新生児の母親9.12(SD=8.89)で,NICU入院児の母親の方が有意に高く,PTSDハイリスクであるIES-R得点25点以上の母親は,NICU入院児の母親13.2%,健常新生児の母親5.1%で,NICU入院児の母親が有意に高率であり,対象全体では8.4%であった. 2.再体験,覚醒亢進症状の出現があった母親は両群ともにそれぞれ80～90%程度であった.回避症状の出現についてはNICU入院児の母親64.0%,健常新生児の母親44.5%で,健常新生児の母親よりもNICU入院児の母親が有意に高率で,平均得点もNICU入院児の母親の方が有意に高かったが,24点以下の両母親の比較ではNICU入院児の母親の方が有意に高く,25点以上の両母親においては,健常新生児の母親の方が有意に高かった.

The aim of this research is to clarify the post-traumatic stress of mothers whose newborn babies were in NICU hospitalization one month after childbirth in comparison with that of mothers who had normal newborn babies. The subjects were 189 mothers who had high-risk newborn babies and 274 mothers who had normal newborn babies. The methods of this research were to use an Impact of Event Scale Revised (IES-R) and to conduct a survey of mothers one month after giving birth. As a result, the following have been identified: 1) The average score of IES-R of mothers whose babies were in NICU hospitalization was 12.04 (SD=10.06) and that of mothers with normal newborn babies was 9.12 (SD=8.89). As for the average rate, mothers with babies in NICU hospitalization were significantly higher than those with normal newborn babies. In addition, the percentage of mothers who had IES-R scores of more than 25 represented 8.4% of all subjects. This showed a high risk of PTSD. The percentage of mothers whose babies were in NICU hospitalization and whose babies were delivered normally showed 13.2% and 5.1% respectively and the former was significantly higher. 2) The rate of both types of mothers who had intrusion and hyperarousal symptoms was around 80-90%. As for the percentage who displayed the avoidance symptom, mothers whose babies were in NICU hospitalization represented 64.0% and mothers with normal newborn babies represented 44.5%. This result showed that the rate of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter. In addition, mothers whose babies were in NICU hospitalization had a significantly higher average score of the avoidance symptom. However, when comparing both types of mothers who had IES-R scores of under 24, the average score of the avoidance symptom of mothers whose babies were in NICU hospitalization was significantly higher. On the other hand, when it came to mothers with more than a score of 25, the average score of mothers with normal newborn babies was significantly higher.