オストメイトのストーマ受容度とセルフケア状況およびストーマ受容影響要因との関連性

オストメイトのストーマセルフケアの確立とストーマ受容の2つの要件を促進する看護援助方法開発の示唆を得ることを目的に,セルフケア状況と受容及び受容とその影響要因との関係について検討した.H市内3病院のストーマ外来通院患者及び日本オストミー協会H支部会会員84名に自記式質問紙法調査を行った結果,以下が明らかとなった. 1 .セルフケア自立度とストーマ受容度とにはある程度の関係があることが示唆されたが,セルフケアの積極性と受容度との関係はみられなかった. 2.受容には,現在の健康状態とストーマに問題がないことが強く関連していた. 3 .同居家族,医療者,他のオストメイトのサポートがある方が受容度は高い傾向にあり,特に受容には同居家族による情緒的サポートと他のオストメイトからの情緒的・情報的サポートが強く関連していた. 4 .セルフケアの指導を十分に行い,ストーマトラブルを防ぐことと,家族やオストメイトの情緒的・情報的サポートを有効に活用することが受容を高めることにつながることが示唆された.

The purpose of this study was to obtain implications of nursing techniques designed to establish the ostomate's self-care related to stoma and promote acceptance of ostomy by examining the factors influencing the acceptance. We administered self-reported questionnaires to 84 ostomates and obtained the following results: (1)Some relationship was implied between the degree of self-care autonomy and the acceptance of ostomy; however, no significant relationship was found between the positivity of self-care and its acceptance level. (2)There was a strong indication that acceptance was influenced by their current health status and the fact that the stoma did not have any trouble. (3)Those with support from family members who lived with them, medical professionals and other ostomates, tended to have a higher acceptance level; their acceptance was especially related to emotional support from family members and emotional and informational support from the ostomates. (4)It was implied that preventing stoma trouble by providing self-care guidance, as well as making effective use of emotional and informational support from the family and ostomates, would help enhance acceptance of ostomy.