広島大学日本語教育研究 Issue 33
published_at 2023-03-31

願望疑問文と失礼さ

Desiderative Questions and Impoliteness
INOUE Masaru
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HUNihongoKyoikuKenkyu_33_32.pdf
Abstract
In Japanese, using desiderative questions that include the desiderative forms -tai and -hoshii to ask superiors or elders about their desires can be considered impolite. Previous studies have explained that the impoliteness of desiderative questions is related to the pragmatic constraint in Japanese that speakers should avoid referring to the hearer’s private matters, including their own desires. Desiderative questions are typically impolite when used to ask the hearer about his/her requests to the speaker, and are not necessarily impolite when used to inquire about the hearer’s desire that does not carry the meaning of request. In Japanese, expressing desires does not necessarily indicate the intention of making a request. Therefore, when inquiring about the hearer's desires instead of asking them to make decisions about what or how to do in the given context, the speaker is taking a leading role in making the decision and the hearer is not expected to have the authority to decide. This is why desiderative questions in Japanese can be considered impolite when used to ask superiors or elders about their requests.
Descriptions
本論は次の口頭発表の内容を発展させたものである。「願望疑問文と意志疑問文の日中対照」(「日本語文法研究のフロンティア―母語話者の日本語と学習者の日本語の対照研究を中心に―」,2022 年2 月26 日,国立国語研究所(オンライン開催))
Keywords
願望疑問文
要望
単なる願望
失礼さ
上から目線
Rights
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