Doctor Tatsukichi Minobe, known as the founder of the notion of “Administrative Criminal Law,” discussed this concept in his remarkable book, “The Introduction to Administrative Criminal Law.” Consistent with his implication, academics in Japan have explored the studies of Administrative Criminal Law under the considerable influence of German theories since the 19th century. However, the author will argue that it was not a new legal notion from an angle of genealogical and comparative approach and will opine that this idea had rooted in the Ritsuryo regime in ancient China. This paper will also highlight the continuity and discontinuity of ancient law with modern law, considering China's ancient legal system's influence on the Japanese counterpart and the relationships between ancient Chinese law and modern Japanese law, dealing with administrative penal sanctions.