摂食障害の回復過程に関与する因子の検討 <原著>

われわれは,摂食障害から回復した患者の臨床像,精神症状を検討した。対象は,摂食障害から回復し,1年以上よい状態が持続している患者10例(回復群)と治療継続中の摂食障害患者10例(対照群)である。回復群と対照群の,初診時と治療開始1年後のDSM-IV のGAF,EAT,BITE,CISS を比較した。さらに,回復者自身が回復に重要であったととらえている要因について面接調査した。その結果,回復群は,対照群と比較して,ソーシャルサポートを有する者が多かった。また,治療開始1年後で,EAT が有意に低く,GAF が有意に高く,CISS の情緒優先対処の得点が有意に低かった。さらに,回復群は,社会活動,友人のサポート,自己実現の体験,他者から評価される体験が回復に重要であったと述べていた。ソーシャルサポートやストレス対処への介入,社会活動への援助などが摂食障害の回復に重要であると思われた。

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and psychological features of patients who recovered from eating disorder. Subjects: Subjects were 10 patients who recovered from eating disorder and continued being in good condition for more than one year (recovery group). We chose 10 eating disorder patients who were under treatment as control group. Method: We compared clinical and psychological features of recovery group and control group. We used GAF (DSM-IV), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS). Then we interviewed patients of recovery group and investigated what factors they thought influenced on recovery. Results: Recovery group had more social supports compared to control group. Recovery group showed significantly lower EAT scores, higher GAF scores and lower emotional oriented coping scores in CISS than control group after 1 year from starting treatment. And recovery group expressed social activity, supports of friends, experiences in achievement their purposes, and experiences in being appreciated were important for recovery. Conclusion: Social support, intervention in coping for stressful situations, and help to engage in social activity are important for recovery in eating disorder patients.