A study was carried out to clarify the shrimp fauna of Kozima Bay (brackish water) in the Seto Inland Sea, and to compare it with those of Lake Kozima (fresh water) and the coastal region (salt water) near Kozima Bay. The shrimp specimens were collected 6 times over a period of one year every other month from September of 1976 to August of '77 with a small trawl net. Thc number of shrimps collected was 4,208 and they were classified into 15 species belonging to 3 families. Of these, 5 species belonged to Penaeidea, while the other 10 species belonged to Caridea. From Kozima Bay three penaeids, Penaeus semisulcatus, Metapenaeus joyneri and Trachypenaeus curvirostris, appeared more abundant at the high chlorinity station near the mouth of the Bay than the low chlorinity station in the back part. On the other hand, Palaemon macrodactylus appeared more in the back part of the Bay. There appeared 11 species of shrimp in common in Kozima Bay and the coastal region outside the Bay, while only 2 species of shrimp appeared in common in Kozima Bay and Lake Kozima. Consequently, from viewpoint of distribution of shrimps, the relationship between Kozima Bay and the coastal region seemed to be closer than that between Kozima Bay and Lake Kozima.