Bloodstream Infection Caused by Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus in a Patient with Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review

Hiroshima Journal of Medical Sciences Volume 70 Issue 2-4 Page 43-47 published_at 2021-12

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Title ( eng )	Bloodstream Infection Caused by Actinomyces neuii subsp. anitratus in a Patient with Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Creator	HARA Toshinori KITAGAWA Hiroki KAJIHARA Toshiki KOBA Yumiko TADERA Kayoko NAGAOKA Rie OTA Shiho NAKAOKA Yusuke NOMURA Toshihito OMORI Keitaro SHIGEMOTO Norifumi SASADA Shinsuke OTA Kohei KASHIYAMA Seiya YOKOZAKI Michiya SHIME Nobuaki OHGE Hiroki
Source Title	Hiroshima Journal of Medical Sciences
Volume	70
Issue	2-4
Start Page	43
End Page	47
Journal Identifire	[PISSN] 0018-2052 [EISSN] 2433-7668 [NCID] AA00664312
Abstract	Actinomyces neuii can grow under aerobic culture conditions and shows a gram-positive rod morphology, similar to that of Corynebacterium spp. A. neuii is usually detected in local pus samples, and published cases of A. neuii bloodstream infections are rare. Here, we report a case of bloodstream infection caused by A. neuii subsp. anitratus. A 53-year-old woman with fever and hypotension was referred to our hospital. The patient underwent surgery for breast cancer and received chemotherapy after central venous (CV) port placement. On day 2, a blood culture in an anaerobic bottle yielded positive results, and A. neuii subsp. anitratus was identified via matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS) and 16S rRNA sequencing. The patient was diagnosed with bloodstream infection caused by A. neuii subsp. anitratus with CV port infection. The CV port was removed and antibiotic treatment resulted in symptom improvement so the patient was discharged on day 28 of hospitalization. MALDI–TOF MS and 16S rRNA sequencing were found to be more useful for the identification of A. neuii than for phenotypic identification. Further research on A. neuii subsp. anitratus infections is required to avoid delayed or missed diagnoses.
Keywords	A. neuii subsp. anitratus Gram-positive rods MALDI–TOF MS 16S rRNA sequencing
Language	eng
Resource Type	departmental bulletin paper
Publisher	Hiroshima University Medical Press
Date of Issued	2021-12
Rights	Copyright (c) 2021 Hiroshima University Medical Press
Publish Type	Version of Record
Access Rights	open access
Source Identifier	[ISSN] 0018-2052 [ISSN] 2433-7668 [NCID] AA00664312 [DOI] 10.24811/hjms.70.2-4_43 [DOI] https://doi.org/10.24811/hjms.70.2-4_43