北海道の公立小学校におけるアイヌに関する学習の現状と課題 : 「他者性」の観点からの社会科副読本分析

Current Situation and Perspective of Ainu Studies at the Public Elementary Schools in Hokkaido: Analysis of social studies supplementary readers from the point of view of otherness

島津 礼子

丸山 恭司

広島大学大学院人間社会科学研究科紀要. 教育学研究

Bulletin of the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University. Studies in education

[ISSN] 2436-0333

[NCID] AA12909086

The purpose of this study is clarifying the current situation and perspective of Ainu studies at the public elementary schools in Hokkaido. We sent questionnaires to the 179 boards of education in Hokkaido to find out the educational plan, study and issues on Ainu studies there. 79 boards of education replied, 44 of which send to us their social studies supplementary readers which had been compiled and published by each municipality for elementary schools. From the replies, we find that 24 boards of education have had difficulty in establishing a teaching method for Ainu study, and 11 boards indicated current Ainu studies is not enough emphasis has been placed to associate with concepts of human rights or living side-by-side with Ainu. We analyzed Ainu descriptions in the social studies supplementary readers from the point of view of other or otherness by picking out terms which signify these concepts. As a result, we found readers were constructed around the concept of wajin (people who came from mainland Honshu, Shikoku and Kyusyu island) as subject, and Ainu as the other from using such terms like Ezochi (indigenous or assimilated), and by using the passive voice or causative verbs in Ainu descriptions. We also found that some narratives in the readers described differences of culture or worldview between Ainu and wajin. Finally, we concluded that Ainu studies at Hokkaido include the concept of Ainu as the other, but it is possible the use of this concept can help children understand not only Ainu culture but also themselves.

Ainu

indigenous

otherness

synoptic viewing

social studies supplementary reader

アイヌ

先住民

他者性

展望

社会科副読本

日本語

広島大学大学院人間社会科学研究科

Copyright (c) 2020 人間社会科学研究科

[ISSN] 2436-0333

[NCID] AA12909086