中国・太湖の富栄養化問題と2007年のアオコ大発生事件（利水障害）後の対応

Eutrophication of Lake Taihu in China and Post-Response to the Plague of Algal Bloom in 2007

淺野 敏久

李 光美

平井 幸弘

金 科哲

伊藤 達也

E-journal GEO

江蘇省，浙江省，上海市の境にある中国で3番目に大きな淡水湖である太湖は，流域内の開発が著しく，深刻な富栄養化問題に直面している．2007年にはアオコ（藍藻類）が大発生し，無錫市において数日間にわたって給水が停止し，200万人以上に影響が出るという事件が生じた．この事態に中国では国をあげて，長江からの導水や下水処理場・下水道の重点的整備，排水対策のできない中小工場や畜産施設の閉鎖，養殖場の閉鎖などの浄化対策が短期間に多額の投資のもとに講じられた．本稿では，現地調査と文献等により，その状況を報告し，あわせて中国の環境対策と都市整備の関係について述べる．

Lake Taihu bordered on Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces is the third biggest freshwater lake in China. Along with the rapid urbanization and fast-growing economic development, a serious eutrophication has occurred in the basin of Lake Taihu. The plague of algal bloom in 2007 caused several days suspension of water supply for over 2 million population in Wuxi City. To struggle against this accident, the Chinese Government has implemented several policies in a short period with abundant budgets such as; introduction of freshwater from the Yangtze River, improvement of sewerage system, and closure of the small factories, stock farms and fish farms without proper drainage system. This paper aims to report the post-response to the plague of algal bloom in Lake Taihu based on the authors' fieldwork and literature survey as well. Moreover, this paper touches on the relations between environment policies and urban development in China.

富栄養化

アオコ大発生

太湖

無錫市

中華人民共和国

eutrophication

plague of algal bloom

Lake Taihu

Wuxi City

China

地理・地誌・紀行 [ 290 ]

日本語

日本地理学会

Copyright (c) 2010 日本地理学会

[ISSN] 1880-8107

[DOI] 10.4157/ejgeo.5.138