ベルギーの囲郭都市プランとその変容に関する予察 : ベネルクス囲郭都市研究(2)

Preliminary Note on the Castle Towns in Belgium

戸祭 由美夫

地誌研年報

Annual Report of Research Center for Regional Geography

ベネルクス囲郭都市研究という目的に沿って,オランダを対象に囲郭都市・集落の分布と変容を予察した前稿に引き続いて,本稿ではベルギーを対象に,その囲郭集落ないし囲郭都市プランの成立と分布の特徴を概観した上で,ベルギー国内を3地域に区分して,各地域の代表的な囲郭集落(都市)としてブリュッへ,ルーヴェン,リエージュ ,マリアンブール,フィリップヴィルをとりあげ,各種の地図資料や現地踏査をもとにその特徴を明らかにした。

The author has studied some types of Japanese castle towns constructed in the early modern ages. A specific type attracted him very much. It is a castle with wall, moat and bastions such as Gory?kaku in the south end of Hokkaido. Its plan is thought to be brought from west Europe through Dutch military books. So, in his paper ""Preliminary note on the castle towns in the Netherlands"" he tried to examine the history of castle towns in the Netherlands and to clear up the features of four typical castle towns by showing various maps and photos. In this paper, he tried to examine the history of castle towns in Belgium, using research papers, various old maps, topographical maps, air-photographs. Then, the following five facts are pointed. (1) According to 'Carte Chorographique des Pay-bas Austrichiens' (1780) fortified towns were located more closely along the border with Zeeland Province of the Netherlands and with France than in other part of Belgium. (2) In the northwestern part of Belgium covered with swampy lowlands, after fortified towns were dismantled most of their moats have remained as useful canals, such as in Bruges (Brugge), Province of West Flanders. (3) In the central part of Belgium covered with gently undulated plain, town's moats were generally filled up to construct motorway rings after dismantlement of fortifications, such as in Louvain (Leuven), Province of Brabandt. (4) In the valley of M

ベネルクス囲郭都市研究

囲郭集落

都市プラン

ベルギー

ブリュッへ

ルーヴェン

リエージュ

マリアンブール

フィリップヴィル

地理・地誌・紀行 [ 290 ]

日本語

広島大学総合地誌研究資料センター

[ISSN] 0915-5449

[NCID] AN10199141