神経難病患者をケアする看護師における仕事ストレッサー尺度の作成 : 質問項目選定のための検討

本研究は, 神経難病患者をケアする看護師の仕事ストレッサー尺度作成のため, 質問項目選定を目的とした. 先行研究で明らかになった69項目からなる尺度原案を用いた自記式質問紙の郵送調査を実施した. 調査期間は2005年10月〜11月まで, 質問紙配布数221部, 有効回答数143部(有効回答率64.7%)であった. 得点分布に偏りのある項目をフロア効果・天井効果で, 異質な項目を項目-全体得点相関で, 類似性の強い項目を質問項目間相関で検討した. また, 内容妥当性と表面妥当性を高めるために, 対象者らの回答を参考に質問文の修正を行った. 因子分析およびクロンバックのα係数により項目数を検討した. 以上より, 69項目中42項目を神経難病患者をケアする看護師の仕事ストレッサーとして適さないと考え削除し, 27項目から構成される尺度を新たに作成した.

The purpose of this research was to select question items for the development of a job stressor scale for nurses caring for patients with intractable neurological illness. The study was conducted by mail and used a self-administered questionnaire comprising 69 items, as clarified in previous research. The study period was from October to November 2005. A total of 221 questionnaires were distributed and 143 valid responses were received (valid response rate, 64.7%). Distribution of scores was confirmed via mean ± standard deviation. Differences in items were examined by item-total correlation, while similarity of items was examined by correlation of each item. Regarding content validity and face validity, questions were modified with reference to subject answers. The number of items in each factor was examined by factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. As a result, 42 items were eliminated because these items were not fit for a job stressor scale for nurses caring for patients with neurological intractable illness. A scale comprising 27 items was then created.