中世インドの詩論書『首飾り』（Ekāvalī）研究序説

This paper is intended as a preliminary survey of the Ekāvalī ‘Necklace’, a poetic treatise (alaṃkāraśāstra) of the Dhvani school, composed by Vidyādhara in medieval India. Vidyādhara flourished around the 13th and 14th centuries under the patronage of King Narasim. ha of Kali˙nga. His poetic work Ekāvalī consists of verses and an auto-commentary (svavrtti) thereto; and there exists another commentary on both of them: Tarala ‘Central Gem’ by Mallinātha (ca. 14th–15th c. CE).
The Ekāvalī comprises the following eight chapters:
chapter names verse numbers
1 Establishment of Suggestion (dhvanivyavasthāpana) 13
2 Determination of Word and Meaning (śabdārthanirūpaṇa) 13
3 Determination of the Varieties of Suggestion (dhvanibhedanirūpaṇa) 1
4 Determination of the guṇībhūtavyaṅgya Type of Poem (guṇībhūtavyaṅgyanirūpaṇa) 6
5 Determination of Poetic Qualities (guṇanirūpaṇa) 13
6 Determination of Poetic Defects (doṣanirūpaṇa) 8
7 Determination of the Ornaments of Sounds (śabdālaṃkāranirūpaṇa) 6
8 Determination of the Ornaments of Meanings (arthālaṃkāranirūpaṇa) 76
Although it is true that Vidyādhara is much indebted to his antecedents, his treatise is not merely a patchwork of the various poetic theories that had already been presented and discussed by his predecessors. He occasionally develops new arguments from new perspectives and hence his work is worth a close examination in whole. Nevertheless, surprisingly few attempts have been made so far to examine this treatise. There remains much to be done. A full-scale study of this poetic work will give fresh impetus to the study of Sanskrit poetics in India.