On April 23, 1934, the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee was officially established in Bailingmiao. It was a short-lived government which collapsed within less than two years after its establishment. However, it symbolized the pinnacle of the modern Inner Mongolian nationalist movement.
As part of the study on the Mongolian government, this paper clarifies the economic policy of the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee under the Northwest Construction Policy of the Nanjing National Government by extensively using various historical materials.
In conclusion, as evident from the frustration with the economic policy of the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee, the Northwest Construction Policy of the Nanjing National Government did not refrain from “frontier development” since the end of the Qing Dynasty, which proved disadvantageous for Mongolians.