ローカルな環境運動への地理学的アプローチ : 中海干拓問題を手掛かりとして

Geographical Approach to Local Environmental Movements: A Case Study of the Nakaumi Land Reclamation Problem in Tottori and Shimane Prefectures

Asano Toshihisa

地理学評論

Geographical Review of Japan

本稿では中海干拓問題を事例としてローカルな環境運動をとらえる地理学的な視点について論じた.その際,マスコミの当該問題に関する記述と,反対運動の立場からの問題の記述,筆者のこれまでの研究から得た知見を対比させ,環境運動が当該問題を語る際にどのように位置付けられているのかを明らかにした.結果として,環境運動が当該問題の決着において果たしている役割が社会的に軽視されている実態の一端を示すことができた.その事実を踏まえ,このようなローカルな環境運動への地理学的アプローチに求められる課題を提案した.すなわち,第1に環境運動の政策決定や土地利用に与えた影響を読み取ること,第2に環境運動の性格を多面的に理解すること,特に対象となる自然への運動参加者一人一人の意識まで視野を広げること,第3に環境運動をさまざまなスケールの「地域」の文脈から検討することが必要ということである.

The aim of this paper is to discuss the geographical approach to local environmental movements through a case study of the Nakaumi Land Reclamation problem. It shows how the movement against the project has been dealt with in a TV program, in a local newspaper, and in a chronological document composed by a protest group leader.
For example, a TV program broadcast on NHK emphasized that the Nakaumi Land Reclamation problem had been caused by deficiencies in the Japanese administrative system. On the other hand, the program neglected the protest movement in its explanation of the problem.
A local newspaper misprinted the date of the direct petition to the prefectural governor of Shimane by local residents. Moving the date forward by one year weakens the cause and effect relation between the movement and the administrative decision to stop part of the project, which aimed to transform two brackish lakes into freshwater lakes.
These are good examples illustrating the status of social recognition of environmental movements in Japan. To understand environmental problems, however, it is necessary to recognize environmental movements that make political issues of proposed environmental changes.
This paper suggests three methods to approach the issue of environmental movements geographically: They are 1) to assess the effects of environmental movements on land use or landscaping, 2) to view them from various angles, especially from the viewpoint of environmental awareness of the individual participants in the movements, 3) to study them in the context of locality.

環境運動

環境問題

報道

中海

宍道湖

environmental movement

environmental problem

mass media

Lake Nakaumi

Lake Shinjiko

Pollution. Environmental engineering [ 519 ]

jpn

日本地理学会

古今書院

Copyright (c) 2002 公益社団法人 日本地理学会

[ISSN] 1347-9555

[ISSN] 2185-1727

[NCID] AA11591990

[DOI] 10.4157/grj.75.443

[NAID] 10011293761