確率概念を形成する算数学習の開発に関する研究 : 確率概念形成に必要な数学的な見方・考え方を中心に

A study on Development of Math Class to Form the Concept of Probability: Focusing on Perspectives and Ideas of Math to Form the Concept of Probability

鈴木 昌二

広島大学附属三原学校園研究紀要

Hiroshima Daigaku Fuzoku Mihara Gakkoen kenkyu kiyo

[PISSN] 2185-5242

[NCID] AA12942412

本研究の目的は，確率概念形成に向けて必要な数学的な見方・考え方を育成するための指導方法及び評価方法を開発することをねらいとする。そのために，まず，小学校における「確率」につながる学習の①目標・②内容・③確率概念形成に向けて必要な数学的な見方・考え方を設定した。次に，単元計画の中に1時間ごとに引き出したい数学的な見方・考え方の具体的な子どもの姿を位置づけた。指導方法としては，新設した全ての時間を「予想→実験→考察」といった流れで学習することとした。評価方法としては，「OPPAによる自己評価活動」を取り入れた。その結果，確率概念形成に向けて必要な数学的な見方・考え方を育むことに一定の効果があった。これは，めざす姿の具体化による効果的な指導と自己評価活動を生かしたフィードバックを行ってきた結果であると考える。今後も，見方・考え方のさらなる意識化をめざし，一体化した指導と評価の実施を目指す。

The purpose of this research was to develop a method of teaching and evaluation to foster perspectives and ideas of math to form the concept of probability. First, a perspectives and ideas of math were made, which was needed to make a goal and contents of learning which were related to "Probability" in elementary education and to form the concept of probability. Second, concrete achievements of students were made in each class based on the viewpoint and the attitude of math. In respect of teaching method, every class was done in the following order, students (1) made a prediction, (2) carried out an experiment, (3) considered based on a result. In respect of the method of evaluation，"Self-evaluation activity of OPPA" was adopted. As a result of the teaching method, it became clear that the teaching method was effective to foster the perspectives and ideas of math to form the concept of probability. This was because concrete achievements of students were made in each class and feedback based on the self-evaluation activity was given to the students. There is still room for improvement to enable students to use the perspectives and ideas consciously.

教育 [ 370 ]

日本語

広島大学附属三原幼稚園

広島大学附属三原小学校

広島大学附属三原中学校

[ISSN] 2185-5242