公共空間におけるごみ箱・灰皿・幟の設置による散乱ごみ・散乱吸い殻の低減効果

Effects of Trash Bins, Ash Trays and Banners on Littering of Trash and Cigarette Butts in a Public Space

Hayase Kohji

Suzuki Keiichiro

Aoki Seiji

Kohtaki Johtaro

廃棄物学会論文誌

大学構内の公共空間を現場実験系として採用し, 散乱ごみ低減の社会実験を行った。実験系を朝清掃して散乱ごみをゼロとした後, 夕方, 散乱ごみを回収しごみ分析を行った。人員は10分間隔の写真撮影によりカウントした。実験1においては, ごみ箱も幟もない参照期間とごみ箱と幟「ごみはごみ箱へ」を設置した観測期間との間の散乱ごみ量を比較した。その結果, カンビンの散乱率は観測期間で10%以下となり, ごみ箱と幟による散乱ごみの低減効果が観測された。実験2においては, 灰皿も幟もない参照期間と灰皿と幟「吸い殻は灰皿へ」を設置した観測期間との間の散乱吸い殻量を比較した。その結果, 吸い殻の散乱率は観測期間で61～67%と大きな値であり, 灰皿と幟による散乱吸い殻低減効果はあまり認められなかった。また, 喫煙者は近くに灰皿があれば吸い殻はそこへ入れるが, 少し離れているだけで近くにない場合は灰皿へ入れようとしない傾向のあることもわかった。今後は, 喫煙者が吸い殻を散乱させないようにする啓発活動や働きかけなど, さらなる介入策の研究が必要であろう。

A public space at a university was the scene for this living experiment on decreasing the incidence of littering. Every morning the space was cleaned up and every evening at 6 : 00 pm litter was gathered and analyzed. People who spent time in the space or passed through it were counted every ten minutes using a camera. In the first experiment, the amount of litter found for the reference period when there were no trash bins or a warning signs was compared to the observation period when trash bins were placed along with signs saying "Put trash in the trash bins." Results showed that the littering ratio of cans and bottles was below 10 2048uring the observation period, and that the presence of signs and trash bins had an observable effect. In the second experiment, a comparison was made for the amount of cigarette waste generated in a reference period when there were no ash trays or signs in place, and an observation period when signs saying "Put cigarette butts in the ash trays" and accompanying ash trays were set up. Results showed that the littering ratio of cigarette butts was 61-67-1079129024n the observation period, and that there was little effect observed in the decrease of littered cigarette butts when signs and ash trays were in place. The tendency observed was that while smokers will put butts into an ash tray if it is placed right next to them, they do not put the butts in if the ash tray is not right there. It is necessary to study intervention methods such as awareness campaigns and appeals for getting smokers to not litter their cigarette butts, and put them in ash trays in public spaces.

公共空間

散乱吸い殻

散乱ごみ

灰皿

幟

public space

littered trash

littered cigarette butts

ash trays

banner

Construction. Civil engineering [ 510 ]

jpn

廃棄物資源循環学会

Copyright (c) 2002 廃棄物資源循環学会

[ISSN] 1883-1648

[NCID] AN10414685

[URI] http://www.journalarchive.jst.go.jp/japanese/jnlabstract_ja.php?cdjournal=jswme1990&cdvol=13&noissue=4&startpage=193