奈良女子高等師範学校附属小学校合科担任教師鶴居滋一による音楽授業実践 : 進歩主義と本質主義との接点の探求

Practices of Music Education by Shigekazu Tsurui, Teacher-in-Charge of Integrated Learning at the Primary School Attached to Nara Women's Higher Normal School : The Pursuit of the Point of Contact Between Progressivism and Essentialism

三村 真弓

日本教科教育学会誌

大正期から昭和初期にかけて, 我が国では, 新教育運動が盛んとなった。それは進歩主義思想に基づいたものであり, 児童の自律性・活動性を重んじるものであった。一方, 音楽教育においては, 唱歌科から音楽科への移行が始まり, 教科としての系統的・論理的な確立が意識されるようになった。すなわち, 大正期の音楽教育は, 本質主義に基づいたものであったといえる。

奈良女子高等師範学校附属小学校では, 音楽教師の幾尾純による音楽の授業と, 合科学習の中で行われる音楽学習との2つの形態が存在していた。そこでは, 進歩主義に基づいた主事木下竹次と, 本質主義に基づいた幾尾純との対立があった。その中で, 合科担任教師の鶴居滋一は, 児童中心主義の立場に立って, 児童の自発的な学習を促しながらも, 教科内容の獲得を目指した。鶴居の実践した児童作曲の授業は, 進歩主義と本質主義との接点を見いだそうとした画期的なものであった。

In Japan, from Taisho era to early Showa era, the new educational movement based on progressivism became very popular. As to music education, the change from Singing to Music appeared during this period and at the same time the systematic and logical establishment of it as a subject came to be gradually considered. That is to say, the music education in the Taisho era was practised according to essentialism.

At the Primary School Attached to Nara Women's Higher Normal School, there were two different types of music class; the music class taught by a music teacher, Jun Ikuo, and the music learning taught through the integrated learning. However, there existed opposing opinions between Takeji Kinoshita, whose thoughts were based on progressivism, and Jun Ikuo, which is based on essentialism. In this movement, Shigekazu Tsurui, in-charge of the integrated learning, taught children to master the learning contents, while promoting the children's voluntary learning on the viewpoint of the child-centered thoughts. The children's musical composition taught by Tsurui was considered to be epock making since he tried to find the point of contact between progressivism and essentialism.

教育 [ 370 ]

日本語

日本教科教育学会

Copyright (c) 1999 日本教科教育学会

[ISSN] 0288-0334

[NCID] AN00247430