プラトン哲学におけるソーマの原理的特性

The fundamental characters of soma in Plato's philosophy

木庭 康樹

体育學研究

An attempt was made to clarify Plato's view of soma by considering the fundamental characteristics of soma in Plato's philosophy. The concept of soma had extensive ramifications in classical Greek, denoting not only the human body but also the elemental bodies (fire, water, air, earth), the corpse, the cosmic body, the celestial body, the animal body and so on, and Plato's view of the human body also included many background factors. According to Laws, one of Plato's later works, soma had three common characteristics: spaciality, movability and sensibility, and it took on an aspect different from the present-day concept of the body. Firstly, the spaciality of soma is the likeness of Form, which is copied into chora (the place of plenum), and it is a solid, which is geometrically formed by following Form. Secondly, the movability of soma is originally motion by others or disorderly and dotted linear motion, which is necessarily caused by accidental collision between particles; however, in connection with Soul and Reason, it becomes autonomical and orderly circular motion. Thirdly, the sensibility of soma is pathema (accidental affection), which is based on multiplicity in the geometrical structures of particles. Pathema injures Soul and soma when it is left to Chance and Ignorance, but in the control of Reason it contributes to the realization of good and the restoration of order. Since soma, which has close connections to Soul, Reason and Form, is represented as such a subordinate and necessarily conditional existence in Plato's philosophy, the human body, which is also called soma, should be considered on the basis of the above-mentioned fundamental characteristics.

Laws

solid

motion by others

pathema

『法律』

立体

他動

パテーマ

スポーツ・体育 [ 780 ]

日本語

日本体育学会

Copyright (c) 2003 日本体育学会

この論文の著作権は(社)日本体育学会に帰属します

[ISSN] 0484-6710

[NCID] AN00409623