Kauṇḍabhaṭṭaのabhedaikatvasaṁkhyā論

Kauṇḍabhaṭṭa on the number abhedaikatvasaṁkhyā

小川 英世

広島大学文学部紀要

The Hiroshima University studies, Faculty of Letters

This article consists of an annotated Japanese translation of the abhedaikatvasaṁkhyā-nirṇaya ("final determination of the number abhedaikatvasamkhyā as expressed by the subordinate word in an integrated form (vṛtti)") in the Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇasāra of Kauṇḍabhaṭṭa.

In considering the special features of the integrated form, Patañjali points out that a particular number (saṁkhyāviśeṣa) occurs in a sentence (vākya), as in rājñaḥ puntṣaḥ, rājñoḥ puntṣaḥ, rājñāṁ puruṣaḥ; while in a compound (samāsa) such as rājapuruṣaḥ it does not occur.

Bhartṛhari interprets Patañjali's statement "in a compound a particular number does not occur" (samāse [saṁkhyāviśeṣo] na bhavati) as signifying that in a compound something distinct from particular numbers occurs (*samāse a-saṁkhyāviśeṣo bhavati). Bhartṛhari thus invents the number abhedaikatvasaṁkhyā for the integrated form, which he considers to be expressed by its subordinate member. This abhedaikatvasaṁkhyā is 1) an amalgam of all particular numbers or 2) number in general, accoring to Bhartṛhari.

For the following two reasons, Kauṇḍabhaṭṭa does not accept the occurrence of such a number in an integrated form. 1) After hearing an integrated form, we feel no desire to know what number a referent of its subordinate member has (viśeṣajijñāsā), from whose occurence we may infer, on the basis of the causal relation viśeṣajijñāsa sāmānyajñānapūrvikā, that the integrated form expresses abhedaikatvasaṁkhyā. 2) Granted that we have such a desire, from its occurrence we infer that the integrated form expresses a particular number rather than abhedaikatvasaṁkhyā, on the basis of a different type of causal relation, namely jñānecchayoḥ samānaprakārakatvenaiva hetuhetumadbhāvaḥ.

その他の諸言語 [ 890 ]

日本語

広島大学文学部

[ISSN] 0437-5564

[NCID] AN00213701