米国における教育アカウンタビリティ・システム構築の動向 : 「落ちこぼれを作らないための初等中等教育法」を中心に

The trend in construction of Educational Accountability System in U.S.A. : Focusing on No Child Left Behind Act

Sakai Kensaku

広島大学大学院教育学研究科紀要. 第三部, 教育人間科学関連領域

Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University. Part. Ⅲ, Education and Human Science

The aim of this study was to clarify the framework and characteristic of the Educational Accountability System on the basis of academic achievement in the U.S.A. by analyzing articles of No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. Since the 1980's, The Educational Accountability System have been regarded as an effective strategy that resolve decline in academic ability of students. In general, the Educational Accountability System consists of academic standards, award program for high performing schools and sanction for low performing school. As a result of this study, the main points clarified were as follows: (1) Academic Yearly Progress is numerical target. This will increases a visibility of academic performance and enable to compare academic performance between students, and schools. In addition, regulations on consideration sub-group at the time of setting Academic Yearly Progress will improve the gap in academic performance between ethnic groups, and socio economical status. (2) The Accountability System has a support program foe schools that can not meet Academic Yearly Progress and these schools are in response to the external demands and pressures. In addition, this support system, over the years, will become tight and drastic improvement will be planed. (3) All states are requested to submit Accountability Workbook by formulation of No Child Left Behind Act. According to these accountability workbooks, the educational accountability system is developed in many states. This shows that No Child Left Behind Act is a standard when state builds up the own educational Accountability System.

アカウンタビリティ

教育法

教育制度

accountability

educational low

educational system

Education [ 370 ]

jpn

広島大学大学院教育学研究科

[ISSN] 1346-5562

[NCID] AA11625039