地域高齢者における生活習慣と抑うつ状況・性格傾向との関連

A study on the elderly in the community: the relationships among lifestyle, the degree of depression and characteristics of personality

Morikawa Chizuko

Kakehashi Masayuki

広島大学保健学ジャーナル

Journal of health sciences, Hiroshima University

65歳以上の地域高齢者を対象に質問紙調査法により生活習慣と抑うつ状況・性格傾向について調査を実施した.387人(男性180人,女性207人)から回答を得た.森本の生活習慣スコア,SDS指数(Self-rating Depression Scale),高齢者用簡易性格検査との関連を検討した.生活習慣スコアが良好な高齢者は51人(13.2%),中庸者116人(30.0%),不良者220人(56.8%)であった.男性高齢者は女性高齢者より,生活習慣スコアが高かった(p<0.05).SDS指数の平均値は52.5点(標準偏差12.0点)を示し,女性高齢者の抑うつ傾向が高かった(p<0.05).生活習慣スコアの不良者はSDS指数が高かった.生活習慣スコアと性格3 因子の関連は,社交性・新奇希求性傾向の高い群,神経症性傾向の低い群の男性高齢者の生活習慣スコアが高くなっていた.生活習慣スコアが低い要因は,高齢者の運動・活動に関する習慣が少ないことであった.「健康日本21」の活動の一環として,老人クラブが主体となり,「ウオーキング」を推進している.この活動を継続することが健康づくり対策にとって重要であるとの示唆が得られた.

A questionnaire survey on lifestyle, mental health and personality was carried out among the elderly(age 65 or over) in the community, and a total of 387 (180 male and 207 female) responses were obtained.In the survey, Morimoto's scores for lifestyle, Self-rating Depression Scales (SDS) and the SimplePersonality Test for the elderly were used. The scores on lifestyle showed 51 persons (13.2%) to be good,116 (30.0%) to be intermediate and 220 (56.8%) bad. Males had higher scores than females on average(p<0.05). SDS were also calculated to find an average at 52.5 (SD=12.0). Females showed a higher degreeof depression (p<0.05). The results of the Simple Personality Test showed that male elderly with highsociability and/or novelty-seeking or with low neuroticism tended to have a higher score for lifestyle.Low scores for lifestyle were attributable to less frequent physical activities. The importance ofwalking promoted by clubs for the elderly as a response to ‘Healthy Japan 21'was confirmed in the healthpromotion.

生活習慣スコア

抑うつ

性格傾向

scores for lifestyle

depression

personality

Medical sciences [ 490 ]

jpn

広島大学医学部保健学科

[ISSN] 1347-7323

[NCID] AA11601063