1920年代後半の成城小学校における島田正蔵の『遊戯による教育』に関する一考察

A study on 'The Education by Play' by Shozo Shimada at Seijo elementary school in the late 1920s

木原 成一郎

体育史研究

This study aims to clarify parts that Shozo Shimada (1895-1960) played in the development of the theory and practice of physical education in Japan. This development implies application of the modern education priniples to physical education. Futhermore this study seeks to clarify that 'the education by play' by Shimada could be supported by most of teachers in the depressed late 1920s. Especially this study focuses on clarifying parts that the view of children by Shozo Shimada played in organising objectives, teaching materials and teaching methods of physical education. The results as follows ; 1)Shimada held his view of children based on John Dewey's child centerd educational thought. He thought of immaturity of children as existence of their human potential. So he recognized indispensability of children's self-activity in learning. However, he tended to regard the child development as spontaneous response. As a result, his idea had a risk of playing down the role of teachers' guidance in lessons. 2) Shimada introduced physical play as teaching materilas into schooling. This play was more intersting to children than gymnastics of physical training. But that play was selected out of recreation that children experienced in and out of shool. He didn't appreciate the significance of mutual relation between all experiences in and out of school. In belief, his study had a weak point in organizing the curriculum of physical education, because his study was lacking for paying attention to undernurished and unhealthy bodies of poor children in the late 1920s. 3) Shimada aimed to develop a companionship among classmates of Kusunoki Class through experience of physical play. This aim was introduced from Shimada's view of objectives of physical education. Through experience of several physical activities, he aimed to develop several human abilities in addition to physical growth and physical fittness. It requires further study to clarify the origin of Shimada's view of objectives of physical education.

教育 [ 370 ]

日本語

日本体育学会

Copyright (c) 1997 日本体育学会

この論文の著作権は(社)日本体育学会に帰属します

[NCID] AN10298347

[ISSN] 0914-4730